CVE-2026-52999

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_osf: fix out-of-bounds read on option matching In nf_osf_match(), the nf_osf_hdr_ctx structure is initialized once and passed by reference to nf_osf_match_one() for each fingerprint checked. During TCP option parsing, nf_osf_match_one() advances the shared ctx->optp pointer. If a fingerprint perfectly matches, the function returns early without restoring ctx->optp to its initial state. If the user has configured NF_OSF_LOGLEVEL_ALL, the loop continues to the next fingerprint. However, because ctx->optp was not restored, the next call to nf_osf_match_one() starts parsing from the end of the options buffer. This causes subsequent matches to read garbage data and fail immediately, making it impossible to log more than one match or logging incorrect matches. Instead of using a shared ctx->optp pointer, pass the context as a constant pointer and use a local pointer (optp) for TCP option traversal. This makes nf_osf_match_one() strictly stateless from the caller's perspective, ensuring every fingerprint check starts at the correct option offset.

CVSS v3.1 Score

9.1

CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0052

Probability of exploitation

0.40%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

References

Other References

https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0145548346c4a30981a870a8ca00eac46ba27e85 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c136f2c44a5913646bac85303612fd0825197a0 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e19a07291bb8682c14c39a64725a3ae54ab8ccc https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/21883587593d7c8bb519a79460a0b5bc5ffbdabd https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/32e50f92c7cf3f4eba29622179a5fcdc2aebab41 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/70a3f31d25cf2ec9d4ddfa408120171ead955623 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edb78a142d2e5948e63647c0646aa7e7886935f0 https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f5ca450087c3baf3651055e7a6de92600f827af3

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-52999? +

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_osf: fix out-of-bounds read on option matching In nf_osf_match(), the nf_osf_hdr_ctx structure is initialized once and passed by reference to nf_osf_match_one() for each fingerprint checked. During TCP option parsing, nf_osf_match_one() advances the shared ctx->optp pointer. If a fingerprint perfectly matches, the function returns early without restoring ctx->optp to its initial state. If the user has configured NF_OSF_LOGLEVEL_ALL, the loop continues to the next fingerprint. However, because ctx->optp was not restored, the next call to nf_osf_match_one() starts parsing from the end of the options buffer. This causes subsequent matches to read garbage data and fail immediately, making it impossible to log more than one match or logging incorrect matches. Instead of using a shared ctx->optp pointer, pass the context as a constant pointer and use a local pointer (optp) for TCP option traversal. This makes nf_osf_match_one() strictly stateless from the caller's perspective, ensuring every fingerprint check starts at the correct option offset. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL).

How severe is CVE-2026-52999? +

CVE-2026-52999 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.1 out of 10, rated CRITICAL. This is a critical vulnerability that should be patched immediately. The EPSS score is 0.0052, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-52999? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.