CVE-2025-3509: enterprise server Code Injection (CVSS 7.2)

Description

A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.

Is your site exposed to CVE-2025-3509?

Run a free security scan — no signup, results in seconds.

CVSS v3.1 Score

7.2

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-94 CWE-94

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Versions
github	enterprise_server	< 3.13.16
github	enterprise_server	3.14.0 — 3.14.13
github	enterprise_server	3.15.0 — 3.15.8
github	enterprise_server	3.16.0 — 3.16.4
github	enterprise_server	3.17.0 — 3.17.1

References

Other References

https://docs.github.com/en/[email protected]/admin/release-notes#3.13.16 https://docs.github.com/en/[email protected]/admin/release-notes#3.14.13 https://docs.github.com/en/[email protected]/admin/release-notes#3.15.8 https://docs.github.com/en/[email protected]/admin/release-notes#3.16.4 https://docs.github.com/en/[email protected]/admin/release-notes#3.17.1

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-3509? +

A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.2 (HIGH).

How severe is CVE-2025-3509? +

CVE-2025-3509 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.2 out of 10, rated HIGH. This is a high-severity vulnerability that should be prioritized for patching.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-3509? +

CVE-2025-3509 affects products from github, specifically: enterprise_server. Check the affected products table above for specific version ranges.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2025-3509? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

Related Vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-22136

Tabby (formerly Terminus) is a highly configurable terminal emulator. Prior to 1.0.217 , Tabby enables several high-risk Electron Fuses, including …

CVE-2025-24482

A Local Code Injection Vulnerability exists in the product and version listed above. The vulnerability is due to incorrect default …

CVE-2026-55576

MaaAssistantArknights is a one-click tool for daily Arknights tasks. In the current dev-v2 workflow, .github/workflows/release-preparation.yml inlined attacker-controlled github.event.pull_request.title into a …

CVE-2026-59859

Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.32.4, Kiota's PHP generator embedded OpenAPI description, default fields, …

CVE-2026-59860

Kiota is an OpenAPI based HTTP Client code generator. Prior to 1.32.3, Kiota is affected by a code-generation injection vulnerability …

CVE-2026-53597

Prompty is a markdown file format (.prompty) for LLM prompts. From 2.0.0-alpha.1 until 2.0.0-beta.3, the @prompty/core TypeScript loader in runtime/typescript/packages/core/src/core/loader.ts …

CVE-2025-3509