CVE-2025-29912

Description

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, an unsigned integer underflow in the `Crypto_TC_ProcessSecurity` function of CryptoLib leads to a heap buffer overflow. The vulnerability is triggered when the `fl` (frame length) field in a Telecommand (TC) packet is set to 0. This underflow causes the frame length to be interpreted as 65535, resulting in out-of-bounds memory access. This critical vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) or potentially achieve remote code execution. Users of CryptoLib are advised to apply the recommended patch or avoid processing untrusted TC packets until a fix is available.

CVSS v3.1 Score

9.8

CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-122 CWE-122

CWE-191 CWE-191

CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Versions
nasa	cryptolib	< 1.4.0

References

Advisories & Patches

https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/ca39cb96f21e76102aefb956d2c8c0ba0bd143ca https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-3f5x-r59x-p8cf

Exploits

https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-3f5x-r59x-p8cf

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-29912? +

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, an unsigned integer underflow in the `Crypto_TC_ProcessSecurity` function of CryptoLib leads to a heap buffer overflow. The vulnerability is triggered when the `fl` (frame length) field in a Telecommand (TC) packet is set to 0. This underflow causes the frame length to be interpreted as 65535, resulting in out-of-bounds memory access. This critical vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service (DoS) or potentially achieve remote code execution. Users of CryptoLib are advised to apply the recommended patch or avoid processing untrusted TC packets until a fix is available. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL).

How severe is CVE-2025-29912? +

CVE-2025-29912 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.8 out of 10, rated CRITICAL. This is a critical vulnerability that should be patched immediately.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-29912? +

CVE-2025-29912 affects products from nasa, specifically: cryptolib. Check the affected products table above for specific version ranges.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2025-29912? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

Related Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-6210

A type confusion vulnerability in Qt SVG allows an attacker to cause an application crash via a crafted SVG image. …

CVE-2025-0633

Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in iniparser_dumpsection_ini() in iniparser allows attacker to read out of bound memory

CVE-2025-3512

There is a Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in QTextMarkdownImporter. This requires an incorrectly formatted markdown file to be passed to …

CVE-2025-46333

z2d is a pure Zig 2D graphics library. Versions of z2d after `0.5.1` and up to and including `0.6.0`, when …

CVE-2025-48990

NeKernal is a free and open-source operating system stack. Version 0.0.2 has a 1-byte heap overflow in `rt_copy_memory`, which unconditionally …

CVE-2025-49850

A Heap-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability exists within the parsing of PRJ files. The issues result from the lack of proper …