CVE-2025-66419: HIGH Severity Vulnerability | Secably CVE Database

Summary

CVE-2025-66419 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting MaxKB, an open-source AI assistant for enterprise. This vulnerability allows an attacker to escape the sandbox environment and escalate privileges under specific concurrent conditions. Users of MaxKB versions 2.3.1 and below are strongly advised to upgrade to version 2.4.0 to mitigate this risk.

Technical Details

The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-66419, resides within the tool module of MaxKB versions 2.3.1 and earlier. The root cause is an insufficient isolation of the sandbox environment, allowing a malicious actor to bypass intended security restrictions. Under certain concurrent conditions, an attacker can manipulate the execution flow to gain unauthorized access to the underlying system. This sandbox escape leads to privilege escalation, granting the attacker elevated permissions beyond the intended scope of the MaxKB application. The specific details of the exploit involve manipulating shared resources within the tool module during concurrent operations, leading to a race condition that allows the attacker to inject malicious code or commands into the host system's execution context. This vulnerability highlights the challenges of maintaining secure sandboxes in complex applications, especially when dealing with concurrent operations and shared resources.

Affected Products and Versions

maxkb maxkb versions 2.3.1 and below

Impact Assessment

Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-66419 can have severe consequences for affected MaxKB deployments. An attacker who successfully escapes the sandbox and escalates privileges can gain complete control over the underlying system. This can lead to:

Data Breach: Sensitive data stored within the MaxKB system or on the host server can be accessed, modified, or exfiltrated.
System Compromise: The attacker can install malware, create backdoors, or use the compromised system as a launchpad for further attacks against other systems on the network.
Denial of Service: The attacker can disrupt the normal operation of the MaxKB system or the entire host server, leading to a denial of service for legitimate users.
Reputation Damage: A successful attack can damage the reputation of the organization using MaxKB, leading to loss of customer trust and business opportunities.

Remediation

Immediate Actions

Upgrade to Version 2.4.0: The most effective remediation is to upgrade MaxKB to version 2.4.0, which contains a fix for this vulnerability.
Monitor System Activity: Closely monitor system logs and network traffic for any suspicious activity that may indicate an attempted or successful exploitation of this vulnerability.

Long-term Solutions

Implement Robust Security Practices: Follow secure coding practices and conduct regular security audits to identify and address potential vulnerabilities in the MaxKB system.
Strengthen Sandbox Environment: Implement additional security measures to strengthen the sandbox environment and prevent future escape attempts.

References

Detection & Scanning

Detecting CVE-2025-66419 requires careful analysis of system logs and network traffic for suspicious activity. Look for unusual process executions, unauthorized file access, or unexpected network connections originating from the MaxKB application. Vulnerability scanners can also be used to identify vulnerable versions of MaxKB. However, due to the concurrent nature of the vulnerability, manual testing and code review may be necessary to confirm its presence.

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