CVE-2024-58294: HIGH Severity RCE in FreePBX | Secably CVE Database

Summary

CVE-2024-58294 is a high-severity vulnerability affecting FreePBX 16, allowing authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code remotely. The vulnerability resides in the API module and can be exploited by crafting malicious POST requests to the 'generatedocs' endpoint, leading to bash command injection and potential system compromise.

Technical Details

CVE-2024-58294 is an authenticated remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in the API module of FreePBX 16. Specifically, the 'generatedocs' endpoint is susceptible to bash command injection. An attacker with valid FreePBX session credentials can craft a malicious POST request to this endpoint, injecting arbitrary bash commands within the request parameters. When the FreePBX server processes this request, it executes the injected commands with the privileges of the web server user, potentially allowing the attacker to gain a remote shell and full control of the system. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation and sanitization of user-supplied data before it is passed to system commands.

The 'generatedocs' endpoint is intended to generate documentation, but the lack of proper input validation allows attackers to manipulate the command execution flow. Successful exploitation requires authentication, meaning the attacker must have valid credentials to access the FreePBX API. However, once authenticated, the attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and execute arbitrary code on the server.

Affected Products and Versions

Sangoma FreePBX 16

Impact Assessment

Successful exploitation of CVE-2024-58294 can have severe consequences, including complete system compromise. An attacker can gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, modify system configurations, install malware, and disrupt critical communication services.

Data Breach Risk: Attackers can access and exfiltrate sensitive call records, user credentials, and other confidential information stored on the FreePBX server.
System Compromise: Attackers can gain a remote shell with elevated privileges, allowing them to execute arbitrary commands, install backdoors, and take complete control of the system.
Service Disruption: Attackers can disrupt or disable VoIP services, leading to communication outages and business disruptions.

Remediation

Immediate Actions

Apply the Latest Security Patches: Sangoma has likely released security patches to address this vulnerability. Immediately apply the latest updates to your FreePBX 16 system. Refer to the official Sangoma security advisories for specific patching instructions.
Monitor System Logs: Closely monitor system logs for suspicious activity, such as unauthorized access attempts, unusual command executions, and unexpected network connections.

Long-term Solutions

Implement Strong Authentication and Authorization: Enforce strong password policies and multi-factor authentication to prevent unauthorized access to the FreePBX system.
Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities in your FreePBX environment.
Input Validation and Sanitization: Implement robust input validation and sanitization techniques to prevent command injection vulnerabilities.

References

Detection & Scanning

Detecting CVE-2024-58294 involves analyzing network traffic for suspicious POST requests to the 'generatedocs' endpoint of the FreePBX API. Look for requests containing injected bash commands within the request parameters. Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) can be configured to identify such patterns. Vulnerability scanners can also be used to identify vulnerable FreePBX instances.

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