CVE-2026-87080 (CVSS 9.1)

Description

Net::IDN::Punycode::PP versions before 2.590 for Perl decode a truncated label to a name containing a character it never encoded in decode_punycode. The pure-Perl decoder reads one digit at a time with four-argument substr and tests the result with defined to detect the end of the input. substr on an exhausted string returns the empty string rather than undef, so decoding continues past the end. The empty string converts to a digit value below the range, reducing the accumulator, and the decoder derives one extra code point and its position from it. The result is deterministic. The XS backend rejects the same label. Net::IDN::Punycode uses this backend wherever the XS does not build. The two backends disagree about what such a label means, so a sender can pick a label that one installation resolves to a name and another rejects.

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CVSS v3.1 Score

9.1

CRITICAL

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0039

Probability of exploitation

0.32%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-1286 CWE-1286

References

Other References

https://github.com/robrwo/Net-IDN-Encode/commit/48436c7ad2c4d4c6398110e11133754fc476a783.patch https://metacpan.org/release/PJCJ/Net-IDN-Encode-2.590-TRIAL/changes http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/22/15

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-87080? +

Net::IDN::Punycode::PP versions before 2.590 for Perl decode a truncated label to a name containing a character it never encoded in decode_punycode. The pure-Perl decoder reads one digit at a time with four-argument substr and tests the result with defined to detect the end of the input. substr on an exhausted string returns the empty string rather than undef, so decoding continues past the end. The empty string converts to a digit value below the range, reducing the accumulator, and the decoder derives one extra code point and its position from it. The result is deterministic. The XS backend rejects the same label. Net::IDN::Punycode uses this backend wherever the XS does not build. The two backends disagree about what such a label means, so a sender can pick a label that one installation resolves to a name and another rejects. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL).

How severe is CVE-2026-87080? +

CVE-2026-87080 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.1 out of 10, rated CRITICAL. This is a critical vulnerability that should be patched immediately. The EPSS score is 0.0039, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-87080? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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