CVE-2026-45130

Description

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0450, a heap buffer overflow exists in read_compound() in src/spellfile.c when loading a crafted spell file (.spl) with UTF-8 encoding active. An attacker-controlled length field in the spell file's compound section overflows a 32-bit signed integer multiplication, causing a small buffer to be allocated for a write loop that runs many iterations, overflowing the heap. Because the 'spelllang' option can be set from a modeline, a text file modeline can trigger spell file loading if a malicious .spl file has been planted on the runtimepath. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0450.

CVSS v3.1 Score

6.6

MEDIUM

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

EPSS — Exploit Prediction

0.0000

Probability of exploitation

0.00%

Percentile rank

EPSS estimates the probability that this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within the next 30 days. A higher score means more likely to be exploited.

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-122 CWE-122

CWE-190 Integer Overflow

References

Other References

https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/92993329178cb1f72d700fff45ca86e1c2d369f8 https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0450 https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-q4jv-r9gj-6cwv http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/14/3

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-45130? +

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0450, a heap buffer overflow exists in read_compound() in src/spellfile.c when loading a crafted spell file (.spl) with UTF-8 encoding active. An attacker-controlled length field in the spell file's compound section overflows a 32-bit signed integer multiplication, causing a small buffer to be allocated for a write loop that runs many iterations, overflowing the heap. Because the 'spelllang' option can be set from a modeline, a text file modeline can trigger spell file loading if a malicious .spl file has been planted on the runtimepath. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0450. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.6 (MEDIUM).

How severe is CVE-2026-45130? +

CVE-2026-45130 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 6.6 out of 10, rated MEDIUM. This is a medium-severity vulnerability that should be remediated as part of regular maintenance. The EPSS score is 0.0000, placing it in the 0th percentile for exploitation probability.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2026-45130? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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