CVE-2025-1731: uos Permission Flaw — Fix

Description

An incorrect permission assignment vulnerability in the PostgreSQL commands of the Zyxel USG FLEX H series uOS firmware versions from V1.20 through V1.31 could allow an authenticated local attacker with low privileges to gain access to the Linux shell and escalate their privileges by crafting malicious scripts or modifying system configurations with administrator-level access through a stolen token. Modifying the system configuration is only possible if the administrator has not logged out and the token remains valid.

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CVSS v3.1 Score

7.8

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Weakness Type (CWE)

CWE-732 CWE-732

Affected Products

Vendor	Product	Versions
zyxel	uos	1.20 — 1.32
zyxel	usg_flex_100h	All
zyxel	usg_flex_100hp	All
zyxel	usg_flex_200h	All
zyxel	usg_flex_200hp	All
zyxel	usg_flex_500h	All
zyxel	usg_flex_50h	All
zyxel	usg_flex_50hp	All
zyxel	usg_flex_700h	All

References

Advisories & Patches

https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-incorrect-permission-assignment-and-improper-privilege-management-vulnerabilities-in-usg-flex-h-series-firewalls-04-22-2025

Other References

http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/27

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-1731? +

An incorrect permission assignment vulnerability in the PostgreSQL commands of the Zyxel USG FLEX H series uOS firmware versions from V1.20 through V1.31 could allow an authenticated local attacker with low privileges to gain access to the Linux shell and escalate their privileges by crafting malicious scripts or modifying system configurations with administrator-level access through a stolen token. Modifying the system configuration is only possible if the administrator has not logged out and the token remains valid. It has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH).

How severe is CVE-2025-1731? +

CVE-2025-1731 has a CVSS v3.1 score of 7.8 out of 10, rated HIGH. This is a high-severity vulnerability that should be prioritized for patching.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-1731? +

CVE-2025-1731 affects products from zyxel, specifically: uos, usg_flex_100h, usg_flex_100hp, usg_flex_200h, usg_flex_200hp, usg_flex_500h, usg_flex_50h, usg_flex_50hp, usg_flex_700h. Check the affected products table above for specific version ranges.

How do I check if I'm vulnerable to CVE-2025-1731? +

You can use Secably's free Website Scanner to check your website for known vulnerabilities. For infrastructure scanning, use the Port Scanner to identify exposed services that may be affected. Check the vendor advisories linked above for specific patch and version information.

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